CVE-2025-66253
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni Mozart FM Transmitters by exploiting improper input sanitization in the start_upgrade.php endpoint. Attackers can achieve remote code execution with root privileges, potentially taking full control of affected devices. All organizations using vulnerable Mozart FM Transmitter models are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Mozart FM Transmitter
📦 What is this software?
Mozart Dds Next 1000 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
Mozart Dds Next 2000 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
Mozart Dds Next 3000 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
Mozart Dds Next 3500 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
Mozart Dds Next 6000 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
Mozart Dds Next 7000 Firmware by Dbbroadcast
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise allowing attackers to install persistent backdoors, exfiltrate sensitive data, disrupt broadcast operations, pivot to internal networks, or use devices for botnet participation.
Likely Case
Remote code execution leading to device takeover, configuration modification, service disruption, and potential lateral movement within the network.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if proper network segmentation, web application firewalls, and input validation controls are implemented.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires only HTTP access to the vulnerable endpoint with command injection payloads. No authentication or special privileges needed.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: Unknown
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
Contact DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. for official patches or firmware updates. Monitor vendor communications for security advisories.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Block Vulnerable Endpoint
allUse web application firewall or reverse proxy to block access to /var/tdf/start_upgrade.php
# Example nginx location block:
location /var/tdf/start_upgrade.php { deny all; }
# Example Apache .htaccess:
<Files "start_upgrade.php">
Order Allow,Deny
Deny from all
</Files>
Network Access Control
linuxRestrict access to transmitter web interface to trusted IP addresses only
# Example iptables rule:
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s ! TRUSTED_IP -j DROP
# Example iptables rule:
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s ! TRUSTED_IP -j DROP
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate transmitters in dedicated network segments with strict firewall rules
- Implement web application firewall with command injection detection rules
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test if /var/tdf/start_upgrade.php endpoint accepts command injection payloads. Example: curl 'http://transmitter-ip/var/tdf/start_upgrade.php?filename=test;id'Check Version:
Check web interface or device management console for firmware version informationVerify Fix Applied:
Verify endpoint is no longer accessible or properly sanitizes input. Test with same payloads should return errors or sanitized output.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual POST/GET requests to /var/tdf/start_upgrade.php with shell metacharacters
- Web server logs showing command injection patterns (;, |, &, $())
- System logs showing unexpected process execution from web user
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests containing shell metacharacters in filename parameter
- Unusual outbound connections from transmitter devices
- Traffic to/from transmitter web interface from unauthorized sources
SIEM Query:
Example: web.url="*start_upgrade.php*" AND (web.querystring="*;*" OR web.querystring="*|*" OR web.querystring="*`*" OR web.querystring="*$(*")