CVE-2025-58325
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows local authenticated attackers on affected FortiOS versions to execute arbitrary system commands through specially crafted CLI commands. The flaw stems from incorrect functionality provisioning (CWE-684) in the command-line interface. Organizations running vulnerable FortiOS versions on FortiGate devices are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- FortiOS on FortiGate devices
📦 What is this software?
Fortios by Fortinet
Fortios by Fortinet
Fortios by Fortinet
Fortios by Fortinet
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise allowing attacker to gain root privileges, exfiltrate configuration data, pivot to other network segments, and establish persistent backdoors.
Likely Case
Privilege escalation from limited user to administrative access, enabling configuration changes, credential harvesting, and lateral movement within the network.
If Mitigated
Limited impact due to restricted CLI access policies, command logging, and network segmentation preventing lateral movement.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires authenticated CLI access. The vulnerability is in the CLI command processing logic.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: FortiOS 7.6.1, 7.4.6, 7.2.11, 7.0.16, and 6.4.15
Vendor Advisory: https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-361
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Backup current configuration. 2. Download appropriate firmware from Fortinet support portal. 3. Upload firmware to FortiGate via GUI or CLI. 4. Reboot device to apply update. 5. Verify version after reboot.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Restrict CLI Access
allLimit CLI access to trusted administrative users only using role-based access control
config system admin
edit <username>
set accprofile "super_admin"
end
Enable Command Logging
allEnable detailed logging of all CLI commands for audit and detection purposes
config log setting
set cli-audit-log enable
end
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict role-based access control to limit CLI access to essential administrative personnel only
- Enable comprehensive logging of all CLI commands and monitor for suspicious command patterns
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check FortiOS version via CLI: 'get system status' or GUI: System > Dashboard. Compare against affected versions list.Check Version:
get system status | grep VersionVerify Fix Applied:
After patching, verify version is 7.6.1, 7.4.6, 7.2.11, 7.0.16, or 6.4.15 or higher using 'get system status' command.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual CLI command sequences
- Commands from non-admin users
- Commands with unusual parameters or syntax
Network Indicators:
- Unexpected outbound connections from FortiGate
- Unusual administrative traffic patterns
SIEM Query:
source="fortigate" AND (event_type="cli" OR cmd="*" ) | search suspicious_command_patterns