CVE-2025-56108
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes an OS command injection vulnerability in Ruijie X30-PRO routers that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device via a crafted POST request to the pwdmodify endpoint. Attackers can gain full system control by injecting malicious commands into the vulnerable parameter. Organizations using Ruijie X30-PRO routers with the affected firmware are at risk.
💻 Affected Systems
- Ruijie X30-PRO
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise allowing attackers to install persistent backdoors, pivot to internal networks, steal credentials, and use the device as a botnet node.
Likely Case
Attackers gain shell access to modify configurations, intercept network traffic, and use the router as an initial access point for further attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if network segmentation isolates the router and command execution is restricted via security controls.
🎯 Exploit Status
The GitHub repository contains detailed exploitation information. The vulnerability requires only a crafted HTTP request with command injection payloads.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: Not available
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
No official patch is currently available. Monitor Ruijie's security advisories for updates and apply patches immediately when released.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable Web Interface
linuxDisable the vulnerable web interface to prevent exploitation attempts
# Disable HTTP service
killall httpd
# Remove web interface startup
rm /etc/rc.d/S80httpd
Network Access Control
linuxRestrict access to the router's web interface using firewall rules
# Example iptables rule to restrict web interface access
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s trusted_network -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate affected routers in a dedicated network segment with strict firewall rules
- Implement network monitoring and intrusion detection specifically for command injection attempts to the pwdmodify endpoint
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if the router responds to POST requests at /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/common.lua pwdmodify endpoint and test with safe command injection payloads like 'id' or 'whoami'Check Version:
Check firmware version via web interface or SSH: cat /etc/version or check web admin panelVerify Fix Applied:
Test the same endpoint after applying workarounds to ensure command injection is no longer possible📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual POST requests to pwdmodify endpoint
- Commands like 'sh', 'bash', 'wget', 'curl' in HTTP logs
- Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by successful pwdmodify requests
Network Indicators:
- HTTP POST requests containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &, $, `) to the vulnerable endpoint
- Outbound connections from router to suspicious IPs after pwdmodify requests
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND (uri="/usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/common.lua" OR uri="*pwdmodify*") AND (method="POST") AND (payload="*;*" OR payload="*|*" OR payload="*`*" OR payload="*$(*")