CVE-2025-51390
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes a command injection vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R routers that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device. The vulnerability exists in the setWiFiWpsConfig function via the pin parameter. Anyone using the affected router version is potentially vulnerable to remote compromise.
💻 Affected Systems
- TOTOLINK N600R
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete device takeover leading to persistent backdoor installation, network traffic interception, lateral movement to other devices, and participation in botnets.
Likely Case
Remote code execution allowing attackers to modify router settings, intercept traffic, or use the device as a pivot point for further attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if device is behind firewall with restricted WAN access and strong network segmentation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Proof of concept code is publicly available on GitHub. Exploitation requires access to the management interface.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: http://totolink.com
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check TOTOLINK website for firmware updates
2. Download latest firmware for N600R
3. Access router admin interface
4. Navigate to firmware upgrade section
5. Upload and apply new firmware
6. Reboot router after update completes
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable WPS functionality
allTurn off WiFi Protected Setup feature to remove vulnerable code path
Restrict management interface access
allLimit access to router admin interface to trusted IP addresses only
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate router on separate VLAN with strict firewall rules
- Disable remote management and only allow local network access to admin interface
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version in admin interface under System Status or Firmware Upgrade sectionCheck Version:
Login to router web interface and navigate to System Status pageVerify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version has been updated to a version newer than V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual command execution in system logs
- Multiple failed login attempts to admin interface
- Unexpected configuration changes
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from router
- Traffic to known malicious IPs
- Port scanning originating from router
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND ("setWiFiWpsConfig" OR "pin parameter" OR "command injection")