CVE-2025-49223
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2025-49223 is a prototype pollution vulnerability in billboard.js that allows attackers to inject arbitrary properties into objects, potentially leading to remote code execution or denial of service. This affects web applications using vulnerable versions of the billboard.js charting library. Attackers can exploit this by manipulating the generate function to modify object prototypes.
💻 Affected Systems
- billboard.js
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Remote code execution leading to complete system compromise, data theft, or persistent backdoor installation.
Likely Case
Denial of service causing application crashes or instability, potentially leading to data corruption.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper input validation and sanitization, potentially only causing minor application errors.
🎯 Exploit Status
Prototype pollution vulnerabilities typically have low exploitation complexity once the attack vector is identified. No public proof-of-concept has been confirmed at this time.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 3.15.1
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/naver/billboard.js/releases/tag/3.15.1
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Update billboard.js dependency to version 3.15.1 or later. 2. Update package.json to specify 'billboard.js': '^3.15.1'. 3. Run npm update or yarn upgrade. 4. Restart the application server. 5. Clear any client-side caches if applicable.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation and Sanitization
allImplement strict input validation for all parameters passed to billboard.js generate function to prevent property injection.
Object.freeze on Prototypes
allFreeze Object.prototype and other relevant prototypes to prevent property injection.
Object.freeze(Object.prototype);
Object.freeze(Array.prototype);
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block suspicious property injection patterns
- Isolate the vulnerable application in a segmented network with strict access controls
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check package.json or package-lock.json for billboard.js version. If version is less than 3.15.1, the system is vulnerable.Check Version:
npm list billboard.js | grep billboard.jsVerify Fix Applied:
Verify billboard.js version is 3.15.1 or higher in package.json and that the application loads this version.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual property names in function calls
- Unexpected object property modifications
- Application crashes or errors related to object prototypes
Network Indicators:
- Suspicious HTTP requests with unusual parameter names
- Requests containing __proto__ or constructor properties
SIEM Query:
source="web_logs" AND (uri="*generate*" OR params="*__proto__*" OR params="*constructor*")