CVE-2025-48005
📋 TL;DR
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in libbiosig's RHS2000 file parser allows arbitrary code execution when processing malicious files. This affects systems using libbiosig 3.9.0 or the master branch commit 35a819fa for biomedical signal processing. Attackers can achieve remote code execution by tricking users or automated systems into opening specially crafted RHS2000 files.
💻 Affected Systems
- The Biosig Project libbiosig
📦 What is this software?
Libbiosig by Libbiosig Project
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Full system compromise with attacker gaining the same privileges as the libbiosig process, potentially leading to complete data exfiltration, ransomware deployment, or persistent backdoor installation.
Likely Case
Remote code execution with the privileges of the user or service processing the RHS2000 file, enabling data theft, lateral movement, or denial of service.
If Mitigated
Denial of service through application crash if memory protections like ASLR are effective, but code execution may still be possible with sophisticated exploitation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires the victim to process a malicious RHS2000 file, which could be delivered via email, web upload, or shared storage. The CVSS 9.8 score indicates critical severity with low attack complexity.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check vendor advisory for patched version
Vendor Advisory: https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2240
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Monitor The Biosig Project website for security updates
2. Update libbiosig to the latest patched version
3. Restart any services or applications using libbiosig
4. Recompile any software statically linked to libbiosig
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable RHS2000 file processing
allConfigure applications to reject or not process RHS2000 file formats if not required
Application-specific configuration required
Implement file type validation
allAdd strict validation to only accept RHS2000 files from trusted sources with proper signatures
Implement file hash verification or digital signatures
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network segmentation to isolate systems using libbiosig
- Deploy application allowlisting to prevent unauthorized execution of libbiosig processes
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check libbiosig version: biosig_version command or check library version in dependent applicationsCheck Version:
biosig_version 2>&1 | grep -i versionVerify Fix Applied:
Verify updated libbiosig version is installed and test with known safe RHS2000 files📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Application crashes or abnormal termination when processing RHS2000 files
- Unusual process spawning from libbiosig-related processes
Network Indicators:
- Unexpected outbound connections from systems processing biomedical data files
- File transfers of RHS2000 files from untrusted sources
SIEM Query:
Process: (libbiosig OR biosig) AND (Terminated OR Crash) OR File: *.rhs2000 FROM untrusted_source