CVE-2025-44635
📋 TL;DR
This critical vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on affected H3C routers by bypassing authentication and injecting malicious commands into ACL and user group fields. It affects multiple H3C router series with specific firmware versions, enabling complete remote device takeover.
💻 Affected Systems
- H3C ER2200G2
- ERG2-450W
- ERG2-1200W
- ERG2-1350W
- NR1200W
- ER3100G2
- ER3200G2
- ER3260G2
- ER5100G2
- ER5200G2
- ER6300G2
- ER8300G2
- ER8300G2-X
- GR3200
- GR5200
- GR8300
- GR-1800AX
- GR-3000AX
- GR-5400AX
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete compromise of affected routers allowing attackers to intercept all network traffic, deploy malware, pivot to internal networks, and maintain persistent access.
Likely Case
Attackers gain root access to routers, enabling traffic interception, credential theft, network reconnaissance, and potential ransomware deployment.
If Mitigated
With proper network segmentation and access controls, impact limited to isolated network segments rather than entire infrastructure.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires sending specially crafted requests to vulnerable endpoints. The authentication bypass and command injection make this relatively straightforward for attackers.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: ERG2AW-MNW100-R1117 for ER series; ERHMG2-MNW100-R1126 for ERG2 series; MiniGR1B0V100R018L50 for GR series; MiniGRW1B0V100R009L50 for GR-1800AX; SWBRW1A0V100R007L50 for GR-3000AX; SWBRW1B0V100R009L50 for GR-5400AX
Vendor Advisory: https://www.h3c.com/cn/Service/Online_Help/psirt/security-notice/detail_2021.htm?Id=459
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Download appropriate firmware from H3C support portal. 2. Backup current configuration. 3. Upload firmware via web interface or CLI. 4. Apply firmware update. 5. Reboot router. 6. Verify firmware version.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Network Segmentation
allIsolate affected routers in separate network segments to limit lateral movement if compromised.
Access Control Restrictions
allRestrict management interface access to trusted IP addresses only.
access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
line vty 0 4
access-class 10 in
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Immediately isolate affected routers from internet and critical internal networks
- Implement strict network monitoring and alerting for suspicious router activity
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check firmware version via web interface (System > Device Information) or CLI command 'display version' and compare with patched versions listed above.Check Version:
display versionVerify Fix Applied:
Confirm firmware version matches or exceeds patched versions listed in fix_official section.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual authentication bypass attempts
- Unexpected command execution in ACL/user group logs
- Multiple failed login attempts followed by successful access
- Suspicious URL patterns with command injection attempts
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from routers
- Traffic patterns inconsistent with normal router operations
- Unexpected SSH/Telnet connections to router management interfaces
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND ("authentication bypass" OR "command injection" OR "ACL manipulation")