CVE-2025-32063
📋 TL;DR
A misconfiguration vulnerability in Bosch Infotainment ECUs during systemd service startup enables developer features including disabled firewall and SSH server activation. This affects Nissan Leaf ZE1 vehicles manufactured in 2020, potentially allowing unauthorized access to vehicle systems.
💻 Affected Systems
- Nissan Leaf ZE1 infotainment system
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Remote attacker gains full control of infotainment system, potentially accessing CAN bus to manipulate vehicle functions like braking, acceleration, or steering.
Likely Case
Unauthorized access to infotainment system allowing data theft, privacy invasion, or installation of malware for persistent access.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if proper network segmentation and access controls prevent external connections to vulnerable systems.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation documented in Black Hat Asia 2025 presentation; requires initial access to vehicle's network via Bluetooth or WiFi.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not available
Vendor Advisory: https://www.nissan.co.uk/vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Contact Nissan dealership for firmware update
2. Schedule service appointment
3. Apply manufacturer-provided patch
4. Verify firewall and SSH services are properly configured
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable vulnerable systemd service
linuxPrevent the misconfigured service from starting during boot
sudo systemctl disable vulnerable-service-name
sudo systemctl stop vulnerable-service-name
Configure firewall rules
linuxBlock SSH access and restrict network connectivity
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Physically disconnect or disable Bluetooth/WiFi connectivity when not needed
- Implement network segmentation to isolate infotainment system from critical vehicle networks
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if SSH server is running on port 22 and firewall is disabled: 'sudo systemctl status ssh' and 'sudo iptables -L'Check Version:
Check infotainment firmware version via vehicle settings menu or diagnostic toolsVerify Fix Applied:
Verify SSH service is stopped and firewall rules are active: 'sudo systemctl status ssh' should show inactive, 'sudo iptables -L' should show blocking rules📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unauthorized SSH login attempts
- Systemd service startup failures
- Firewall rule changes
Network Indicators:
- Unexpected SSH traffic on port 22
- Bluetooth/WiFi connection attempts from unknown devices
SIEM Query:
source="vehicle_logs" AND (event="ssh_connection" OR event="firewall_disabled")