CVE-2025-25282
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2025-25282 is an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in RAGFlow that allows authenticated users to access and modify other tenants' user accounts. This enables unauthorized cross-tenant data access and user management. All RAGFlow deployments with multiple tenants are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- RAGFlow
📦 What is this software?
Ragflow by Infiniflow
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could enumerate all tenant user accounts, add malicious users to any tenant, potentially gaining administrative access across the entire multi-tenant deployment and compromising all tenant data.
Likely Case
Malicious authenticated users accessing other tenants' user lists and potentially adding unauthorized accounts to other tenants, leading to data leakage and unauthorized access.
If Mitigated
With proper access controls and tenant isolation, impact would be limited to the authenticated user's own tenant scope only.
🎯 Exploit Status
Requires authenticated access. Exploitation involves manipulating tenant_id parameters in API endpoints.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not available
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow/security/advisories/GHSA-wc5v-g79p-7hch
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
No official patch available. Contact project maintainers for coordinated fix. Monitor GitHub advisory for updates.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Implement API-level tenant validation
allAdd server-side validation to ensure users can only access their own tenant resources
Implement middleware that validates user's tenant against requested tenant_id in all /<tenant_id>/ endpoints
Restrict API access
allImplement rate limiting and API gateway controls to detect anomalous tenant_id manipulation
Configure WAF/API gateway rules to flag requests with tenant_id changes for authenticated sessions
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate RAGFlow deployment behind VPN with strict access controls
- Implement network segmentation to limit RAGFlow access to authorized users only
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test authenticated API calls to /<other_tenant_id>/user/list and /<other_tenant_id>/user endpoints with different tenant IDsCheck Version:
Check RAGFlow version in deployment configuration or via API endpoint if availableVerify Fix Applied:
Verify that API endpoints properly validate user's tenant membership before processing requests📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- API requests with tenant_id parameter different from authenticated user's tenant
- Multiple failed authorization attempts on tenant-specific endpoints
- Unusual user creation patterns across different tenants
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests to /<tenant_id>/user endpoints with rapidly changing tenant_id values
- High volume of GET requests to user listing endpoints
SIEM Query:
source="ragflow" AND (uri_path="/*/user/list" OR uri_path="/*/user") AND user_tenant != requested_tenant