CVE-2025-24487
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to determine which usernames exist in a system by querying a specific API. This affects systems running vulnerable versions of the software that expose the affected API endpoint. The information disclosure can facilitate further attacks.
💻 Affected Systems
- Specific product names not provided in CVE description
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers build targeted credential stuffing or brute-force attacks using valid usernames, potentially leading to account compromise and lateral movement.
Likely Case
Attackers enumerate valid usernames to create targeted phishing campaigns or prepare for credential attacks against known accounts.
If Mitigated
Limited to username enumeration only, with no direct access to passwords or sensitive data if proper authentication controls exist.
🎯 Exploit Status
Simple API queries can reveal username existence through timing differences or error message variations.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not specified
Vendor Advisory: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-105-04
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Review vendor advisory for specific patch information. 2. Apply available patches according to vendor instructions. 3. Verify the fix by testing the API endpoint.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
API Endpoint Restriction
allRestrict access to the vulnerable API endpoint using network controls or authentication.
Rate Limiting
allImplement rate limiting on the API endpoint to slow down enumeration attempts.
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement network segmentation to restrict API access to trusted sources only
- Deploy web application firewall rules to detect and block username enumeration patterns
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test API endpoint with known and unknown usernames; observe if responses differ indicating username existence.Check Version:
Check vendor documentation for version identification commands specific to affected product.Verify Fix Applied:
After applying controls, test that API responses no longer reveal username existence through timing or error differences.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Multiple failed authentication attempts with different usernames
- Unusual API query patterns to user-related endpoints
Network Indicators:
- High volume of requests to specific API endpoint from single source
- Pattern of requests with incremental username variations
SIEM Query:
source_ip=* AND (uri_path CONTAINS "/api/user" OR uri_path CONTAINS "/auth") AND status_code=200 AND count>100 within 5min