CVE-2025-15045
📋 TL;DR
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Tenda WH450 routers allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted HTTP requests to the /goform/Natlimit endpoint. This affects Tenda WH450 routers running firmware version 1.0.0.18. Attackers can exploit this without authentication to potentially take full control of affected devices.
💻 Affected Systems
- Tenda WH450
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Remote code execution leading to complete device compromise, lateral movement to internal networks, persistent backdoor installation, and botnet recruitment.
Likely Case
Remote code execution allowing attackers to modify router settings, intercept network traffic, or use the device as a pivot point for further attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if devices are behind firewalls with strict inbound filtering, though internal threats remain possible.
🎯 Exploit Status
Proof-of-concept exploit code is publicly available on GitHub, making exploitation straightforward for attackers.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: None known at this time
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check Tenda's official website for firmware updates. 2. If an update is available, download the latest firmware. 3. Log into the router admin interface. 4. Navigate to System Tools > Firmware Upgrade. 5. Upload and install the new firmware. 6. Reboot the router after installation.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Block External Access
allConfigure firewall rules to block inbound HTTP/HTTPS access to the router from untrusted networks.
Disable Remote Management
allTurn off remote management features in the router configuration to prevent external exploitation.
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Segment affected routers on isolated network segments to limit lateral movement potential.
- Implement strict network monitoring for unusual HTTP requests to /goform/Natlimit endpoints.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version via admin interface at System Status > Firmware Version. If version is 1.0.0.18, the device is vulnerable.Check Version:
No CLI command available; must check via web interface at http://router_ip/ or via admin panel.Verify Fix Applied:
After updating, verify the firmware version has changed from 1.0.0.18 to a newer version.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- HTTP requests to /goform/Natlimit with unusual parameter lengths or patterns
- Router reboot events following suspicious HTTP traffic
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from router IP
- HTTP POST requests to router IP on port 80 with large 'page' parameters
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND (uri_path="/goform/Natlimit" OR (http_method="POST" AND uri_path CONTAINS "Natlimit"))🔗 References
- https://github.com/z472421519/BinaryAudit/blob/main/PoC/BOF/Tenda_WH450/Natlimit/Natlimit.md
- https://github.com/z472421519/BinaryAudit/blob/main/PoC/BOF/Tenda_WH450/Natlimit/Natlimit.md#reproduce
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.337850
- https://vuldb.com/?id.337850
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.720882
- https://www.tenda.com.cn/
