CVE-2025-15006
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on Tenda WH450 routers by exploiting a stack-based buffer overflow in the HTTP request handler. Attackers can send specially crafted requests to the /goform/CheckTools endpoint to gain control of affected devices. All users running vulnerable firmware versions are at risk.
💻 Affected Systems
- Tenda WH450
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete device compromise leading to persistent backdoor installation, network traffic interception, lateral movement to other devices, and botnet recruitment.
Likely Case
Remote code execution allowing attackers to modify router settings, intercept traffic, or use the device as a pivot point for further attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if devices are behind firewalls with strict inbound filtering, though internal network compromise remains possible.
🎯 Exploit Status
Public proof-of-concept code is available demonstrating remote exploitation without authentication.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: Not available
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check Tenda's official website for firmware updates. 2. Download the latest firmware for WH450. 3. Access router admin interface. 4. Navigate to System Tools > Firmware Upgrade. 5. Upload and install the new firmware. 6. Reboot the router.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Block External Access
allConfigure firewall rules to block inbound HTTP/HTTPS access to the router from untrusted networks.
Disable Remote Management
allTurn off remote management features in router settings to prevent external exploitation.
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Segment affected routers into isolated network zones with strict firewall rules
- Implement network monitoring for suspicious traffic to/from router management interfaces
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version via admin interface: System Status > Firmware Version. If version is 1.0.0.18, device is vulnerable.Check Version:
curl -s http://router-ip/goform/status | grep firmwareVerify Fix Applied:
After updating, verify firmware version is no longer 1.0.0.18 and test that /goform/CheckTools endpoint properly validates input.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual HTTP POST requests to /goform/CheckTools with long ipaddress parameters
- Router crash/restart logs
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests with unusually long ipaddress parameters to router management interface
- Traffic patterns suggesting reverse shell connections from router
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND (uri="/goform/CheckTools" AND parameter_length>100) OR (event="crash" AND process="httpd")🔗 References
- https://github.com/z472421519/BinaryAudit/blob/main/PoC/BOF/Tenda_WH450/CheckTools/CheckTools.md
- https://github.com/z472421519/BinaryAudit/blob/main/PoC/BOF/Tenda_WH450/CheckTools/CheckTools.md#reproduce
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.337712
- https://vuldb.com/?id.337712
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.719315
- https://www.tenda.com.cn/
