CVE-2025-9110
📋 TL;DR
This CVE-2025-9110 vulnerability allows remote attackers to read sensitive system information from affected QNAP devices without authorization. Attackers can exploit this to access application data they shouldn't have permission to view. The vulnerability affects multiple QNAP operating system versions.
💻 Affected Systems
- QNAP QTS
- QNAP QuTS hero
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers gain access to sensitive application data, potentially including user credentials, configuration files, or proprietary information, leading to data breach and further system compromise.
Likely Case
Unauthorized reading of application data that could include configuration details, user information, or system metadata that aids in further attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited exposure of non-critical system information with minimal impact on overall security posture.
🎯 Exploit Status
Remote exploitation without authentication makes this particularly dangerous. Attack complexity appears low based on CVSS score and description.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: QTS 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128 or later, QuTS hero h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117 or later, QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 or later
Vendor Advisory: https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-51
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Log into QNAP device admin interface. 2. Navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware Update. 3. Check for updates and apply the latest firmware version. 4. Reboot the device after update completes.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Network Segmentation
allRestrict network access to QNAP devices to only trusted internal networks
Firewall Rules
allImplement strict firewall rules to limit external access to QNAP management interfaces
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate affected QNAP devices from internet access and restrict to internal network only
- Implement network monitoring and intrusion detection for suspicious access patterns to QNAP devices
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check current firmware version in QNAP Control Panel > System > Firmware UpdateCheck Version:
ssh admin@qnap-ip 'cat /etc/config/uLinux.conf | grep version'Verify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version matches or exceeds patched versions listed in advisory📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual access patterns to system files
- Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by successful data reads
- Access to sensitive application data directories from unauthorized IPs
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound data transfers from QNAP devices
- External connections to QNAP management interfaces from unknown sources
SIEM Query:
source="qnap-logs" AND (event_type="file_access" OR event_type="data_read") AND user="unknown" OR src_ip NOT IN trusted_networks