CVE-2025-63929
📋 TL;DR
A null pointer dereference vulnerability in airpig2011 IEC104 allows concurrent threads to crash the application via segmentation fault, causing denial-of-service. This affects systems using IEC104 protocol implementations from the airpig2011 repository up to commit be6d841. Industrial control systems and SCADA environments using this library are primarily at risk.
💻 Affected Systems
- airpig2011 IEC104 library
📦 What is this software?
Iec104 by Airpig2011
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete service disruption of IEC104 communication systems leading to operational downtime in industrial environments, potentially affecting critical infrastructure monitoring and control.
Likely Case
Application crashes and restarts causing intermittent communication failures in IEC104 protocol implementations, disrupting data exchange between control systems.
If Mitigated
Controlled application restart with minimal service interruption if proper monitoring and automatic recovery mechanisms are in place.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires ability to trigger concurrent thread execution of the vulnerable function, which typically requires IEC104 protocol access and multi-threaded application design.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not available
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/airpig2011/IEC104/issues/21
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Monitor the GitHub repository for patches. 2. Consider migrating to maintained alternatives. 3. If source code is available, implement thread-safe queue pointer validation before dereferencing.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Implement thread synchronization
allAdd mutex locks around IEC10X_PrioEnQueue calls to prevent concurrent access
// C code example: pthread_mutex_lock(&queue_mutex);
// Call IEC10X_PrioEnQueue
// pthread_mutex_unlock(&queue_mutex);
Disable priority queuing
allConfigure system to use non-priority queue functions if available
// Replace IEC10X_PrioEnQueue calls with IEC10X_EnQueue if supported
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement network segmentation to isolate IEC104 systems from untrusted networks
- Deploy application monitoring with automatic restart capabilities for crash detection and recovery
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if using airpig2011 IEC104 library version at or before commit be6d841: grep -r 'airpig2011/IEC104' in source code or check git log for commit history.Check Version:
git log --oneline | grep be6d841 || find . -name "*.c" -exec grep -l "IEC10X_PrioEnQueue" {} \;Verify Fix Applied:
Verify thread-safe queue pointer validation is implemented in IEC10X_PrioEnQueue function and test with concurrent thread execution.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Segmentation fault errors in application logs
- Unexpected application restarts
- IEC104 communication timeouts
Network Indicators:
- Abnormal IEC104 protocol traffic patterns
- Multiple concurrent connections to IEC104 service
SIEM Query:
source="application.logs" AND ("segmentation fault" OR "SIGSEGV") AND process="iec104"