CVE-2025-58586
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows attackers to enumerate valid usernames by observing different error messages for incorrect passwords versus non-existent usernames during failed login attempts. This affects any application or system that implements this flawed authentication error handling. Attackers can use this information to target valid accounts for further attacks.
💻 Affected Systems
- SICK products with vulnerable authentication implementation
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers can enumerate all valid usernames, then conduct targeted password attacks against known accounts, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data breaches.
Likely Case
Attackers identify valid usernames and use them for targeted phishing, credential stuffing, or brute-force attacks against specific accounts.
If Mitigated
With proper controls like account lockouts and rate limiting, attackers can still enumerate usernames but cannot easily compromise accounts.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires only web browser or simple scripting; username enumeration is straightforward once error pattern is identified.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check vendor advisory for specific fixed versions
Vendor Advisory: https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0010.json
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Review vendor advisory SCA-2025-0010. 2. Identify affected products and versions. 3. Apply vendor-provided patches or updates. 4. Restart affected services/systems. 5. Verify fix implementation.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Implement Generic Error Messages
allModify authentication system to return identical error messages for both invalid username and invalid password cases
Enable Rate Limiting
allImplement rate limiting on login attempts to prevent automated username enumeration
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block username enumeration patterns
- Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) to protect accounts even if usernames are discovered
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Attempt login with non-existent username and note error message; attempt login with valid username but wrong password and compare error messagesCheck Version:
Check product documentation for version query command specific to affected SICK productsVerify Fix Applied:
After patching, verify both invalid username and invalid password scenarios return identical generic error messages📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Multiple failed login attempts with different usernames
- Pattern of failed logins followed by successful login from same IP
Network Indicators:
- Unusual volume of authentication requests to login endpoints
- Sequential username guessing patterns in HTTP requests
SIEM Query:
source="auth.log" (event="failed login" OR event="authentication failure") | stats count by src_ip, username | where count > threshold🔗 References
- https://sick.com/psirt
- https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices
- https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1
- https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0010.json
- https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0010.pdf
- https://www.sick.com/media/docs/9/19/719/special_information_sick_operating_guidelines_cybersecurity_by_sick_en_im0106719.pdf
