CVE-2025-58179
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Astro's Cloudflare adapter. When configured with output: 'server' and using the default imageService: 'compile', the image optimization endpoint fails to validate URLs, allowing attackers to serve content from unauthorized third-party domains through the vulnerable origin. This affects Astro deployments using the @astrojs/cloudflare adapter with specific configurations.
💻 Affected Systems
- Astro
- @astrojs/cloudflare
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could serve malicious content from the vulnerable origin, potentially enabling phishing attacks, data exfiltration, or using the server as a proxy for attacks against internal systems.
Likely Case
Attackers could bypass domain restrictions to serve unauthorized content through the vulnerable server, potentially enabling content injection or using the server as an unwitting proxy.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and domain restrictions, the impact would be limited to failed exploitation attempts.
🎯 Exploit Status
The vulnerability appears to be exploitable without authentication by sending crafted requests to the image optimization endpoint.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 12.6.6
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-qpr4-c339-7vq8
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Update Astro to version 12.6.6 or later. 2. Update @astrojs/cloudflare adapter to the latest version. 3. Restart the application server. 4. Verify the fix by testing the image optimization endpoint.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable vulnerable configuration
allChange the output configuration from 'server' to 'static' or modify the imageService setting to avoid the vulnerable combination.
Modify astro.config.mjs to set output: 'static' or configure a different imageService
Implement input validation middleware
allAdd custom middleware to validate and sanitize URLs before they reach the image optimization endpoint.
Implement custom middleware in your Astro project to validate image URLs against allowed domains
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict input validation for all URL parameters in the image optimization endpoint
- Deploy a WAF (Web Application Firewall) with SSRF protection rules to block malicious requests
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if your Astro version is between 11.0.3 and 12.6.5 and if you're using output: 'server' with default imageService: 'compile' configuration.Check Version:
npm list astro @astrojs/cloudflareVerify Fix Applied:
After updating to version 12.6.6 or later, test the image optimization endpoint with unauthorized domain URLs to ensure they are rejected.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual requests to image optimization endpoints with external domain URLs
- Multiple failed attempts to access unauthorized domains through the image service
Network Indicators:
- Outbound requests from the server to unexpected external domains
- Unusual traffic patterns to the image optimization endpoint
SIEM Query:
source="web_server" AND (uri="*image*" OR uri="*optimize*") AND (referer="*http://*" OR referer="*https://*") AND NOT referer="*yourdomain.com*")