CVE-2025-55590
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes a command injection vulnerability in TOTOLINK A3002R routers via the bupload.html component. Attackers can execute arbitrary commands on affected devices, potentially compromising the entire router. This affects users running vulnerable firmware versions of the TOTOLINK A3002R router.
💻 Affected Systems
- TOTOLINK A3002R
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete router compromise allowing attacker to install persistent backdoors, intercept all network traffic, pivot to internal networks, or brick the device.
Likely Case
Router takeover enabling traffic interception, DNS hijacking, credential theft, and lateral movement to connected devices.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if router is isolated from critical networks and has restricted administrative access.
🎯 Exploit Status
Proof of concept available on GitHub. Exploitation requires access to the web interface, which typically requires authentication.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check TOTOLINK for updated firmware
Vendor Advisory: Not available
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check TOTOLINK website for firmware updates. 2. Download latest firmware for A3002R. 3. Log into router web interface. 4. Navigate to System Tools > Firmware Upgrade. 5. Upload and apply new firmware. 6. Reboot router.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable web management interface
allDisable the vulnerable web interface component to prevent exploitation
Restrict administrative access
allLimit web interface access to specific IP addresses only
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate router on separate VLAN away from critical systems
- Implement strict firewall rules to block external access to router management interface
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version via web interface at System Status > Device InfoCheck Version:
Not applicable - check via web interfaceVerify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version is newer than v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 and test bupload.html functionality📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual command execution in system logs
- Multiple failed login attempts followed by bupload.html access
- Suspicious file uploads via web interface
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from router
- Traffic to known malicious IPs from router
- DNS queries to suspicious domains
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND ("bupload.html" OR "command injection" OR "shell_exec")