CVE-2025-55423
📋 TL;DR
A critical command injection vulnerability in ipTIME routers allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands by injecting malicious input into the controlURL parameter during UPnP port-forwarding operations. This affects multiple ipTIME router models and can be exploited remotely without authentication. The vulnerability enables complete device compromise and potential network infiltration.
💻 Affected Systems
- Multiple ipTIME router models (specific models listed in vendor advisory)
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Full router compromise leading to complete network takeover, credential theft, malware deployment, and persistent backdoor installation across all connected devices.
Likely Case
Router compromise allowing attackers to intercept network traffic, modify DNS settings, deploy ransomware, and pivot to internal systems.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if network segmentation isolates routers and strict firewall rules prevent external access to UPnP services.
🎯 Exploit Status
Proof-of-concept code is publicly available on GitHub. Exploitation requires sending specially crafted UPnP requests to vulnerable routers.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check vendor advisory for specific patched firmware versions
Vendor Advisory: https://iptime.com/iptime/?pageid=4&page_id=126&dfsid=3&dftid=583&uid=25203&mod=document
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Visit vendor advisory URL 2. Identify your router model 3. Download latest firmware 4. Log into router admin interface 5. Navigate to firmware update section 6. Upload and apply new firmware 7. Reboot router
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable UPnP
allDisable Universal Plug and Play functionality to prevent exploitation vector
Login to router admin panel -> Advanced Settings -> UPnP -> Disable
Network Segmentation
allIsolate routers from critical internal networks
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict firewall rules to block external access to UPnP ports (typically 1900/udp and 5000/tcp)
- Deploy network intrusion detection systems to monitor for UPnP exploitation attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version against vendor advisory. Test by sending crafted UPnP request to controlURL parameter and observing system command execution.Check Version:
Login to router web interface -> System Information -> Firmware VersionVerify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version matches patched version from vendor. Test that UPnP requests with command injection payloads no longer execute.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual UPnP requests in router logs
- System command execution from UPnP process
- Failed authentication attempts to router admin
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from router
- DNS changes from router
- Port scanning originating from router
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND ("UPnP" OR "controlURL") AND ("system(" OR "exec(" OR "popen(")🔗 References
- https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1kryOFltCmnPJvDTpIrudgryt79uI4PWchuQ8-Gak24c/edit?usp=sharing
- https://github.com/0x0xxxx/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-55423/README.md
- https://github.com/0x0xxxx/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-55423/assets/affected_products_cve_format.json
- https://iptime.com/iptime/?pageid=4&page_id=126&dfsid=3&dftid=583&uid=25203&mod=document
