CVE-2025-5151
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2025-5151 is a critical code injection vulnerability in defog-ai introspect's execute_analysis_code_safely function that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. This affects users running introspect versions up to 0.1.4. The vulnerability requires local host access but can lead to complete system compromise.
💻 Affected Systems
- defog-ai introspect
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Full system compromise with arbitrary code execution, data exfiltration, and lateral movement within the environment.
Likely Case
Local privilege escalation, unauthorized access to sensitive data processed by introspect, and potential container escape in Docker environments.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if running in properly configured Docker containers with minimal privileges and network isolation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploit requires local access but is straightforward once access is obtained; public disclosure increases weaponization risk.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Apply pull request #502
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Update to latest introspect version incorporating PR #502. 2. Restart all introspect services. 3. Verify the patch is applied by checking the execute_analysis_code_safely function in introspect/backend/tools/analysis_tools.py.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Run in Docker with security restrictions
linuxRun introspect in Docker containers with minimal privileges and network isolation as recommended by maintainers
docker run --read-only --cap-drop=ALL --security-opt=no-new-privileges defog-ai/introspect
Disable vulnerable functionality
allDisable or restrict access to the analysis tools functionality if not required
# Modify configuration to disable analysis_tools module
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate introspect instances in separate network segments with strict access controls
- Implement application allowlisting and monitor for suspicious process execution
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check introspect version: pip show introspect | grep Version. If version <= 0.1.4, check if PR #502 patches are present in introspect/backend/tools/analysis_tools.py.Check Version:
pip show introspect | grep VersionVerify Fix Applied:
Verify the execute_analysis_code_safely function includes the security fixes from PR #502 and test with safe code injection attempts.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual code execution patterns in introspect logs
- Multiple failed analysis attempts
- Suspicious import statements in analysis code
Network Indicators:
- Unexpected outbound connections from introspect containers
- Unusual data exfiltration patterns
SIEM Query:
process_name:"python" AND cmdline:"introspect" AND (cmdline:"exec" OR cmdline:"eval" OR cmdline:"import os" OR cmdline:"import subprocess")🔗 References
- https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495
- https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495#issue-3036141048
- https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495#issuecomment-2894640278
- https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/pull/502
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310239
- https://vuldb.com/?id.310239
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.574809
- https://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495#issuecomment-2894640278
