CVE-2025-49723
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2025-49723 is a missing authorization vulnerability in the Windows StateRepository API that allows authenticated local attackers to tamper with system state data. This affects Windows systems where users have local access but insufficient authorization controls. The vulnerability enables privilege escalation and data manipulation within the local environment.
💻 Affected Systems
- Windows StateRepository API
📦 What is this software?
Windows 10 1809 by Microsoft
Windows 10 1809 by Microsoft
Windows 10 21h2 by Microsoft
Windows 10 22h2 by Microsoft
Windows 11 22h2 by Microsoft
Windows 11 23h2 by Microsoft
Windows 11 24h2 by Microsoft
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
An authenticated attacker could escalate privileges to SYSTEM level, modify critical system state data, disable security features, or persist malware across reboots.
Likely Case
Malicious local users or compromised accounts could tamper with application states, modify user settings without authorization, or prepare for further attacks.
If Mitigated
With proper access controls and monitoring, impact is limited to unauthorized state modifications within the attacker's privilege level.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires local authenticated access but appears straightforward based on the CWE-862 classification and CVSS score.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check Microsoft Security Update Guide for specific KB numbers
Vendor Advisory: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49723
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Apply the latest Windows security updates from Microsoft. 2. For enterprise environments, deploy updates through WSUS or Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager. 3. Restart affected systems to complete the patch installation.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Restrict Local Access
windowsLimit local user access to systems where possible and implement least privilege principles.
Monitor StateRepository Activity
windowsEnable auditing and monitor StateRepository service activity for suspicious behavior.
auditpol /set /subcategory:"Other Object Access Events" /success:enable /failure:enable
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict access controls and least privilege for all local user accounts
- Enable enhanced auditing and monitoring for StateRepository service activity
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check Windows Update history for the specific KB patch mentioned in Microsoft's advisory or verify Windows build version against affected versions.Check Version:
winverVerify Fix Applied:
Verify the security update is installed via Windows Update history or by checking system version with 'winver' command.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual StateRepository service activity
- Failed authorization attempts to StateRepository API
- Unexpected privilege escalation events
Network Indicators:
- Local system calls to StateRepository components
SIEM Query:
EventID=4688 AND ProcessName LIKE '%StateRepository%' OR EventID=4656 AND ObjectName LIKE '%StateRepository%'