CVE-2025-49383
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows attackers to include local files on the server through improper filename control in PHP's include/require statements. It affects all WordPress sites using the Neresa theme version 1.3 and earlier, potentially leading to sensitive information disclosure or code execution.
💻 Affected Systems
- CocoBasic Neresa WordPress Theme
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Full server compromise through local file inclusion leading to remote code execution, sensitive file disclosure (like /etc/passwd, database credentials), and complete site takeover.
Likely Case
Sensitive information disclosure including configuration files, database credentials, and potentially limited code execution depending on server configuration.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper file permissions and security controls, potentially only allowing read access to non-sensitive files.
🎯 Exploit Status
Simple HTTP requests can trigger the vulnerability. Public exploit details available through security advisories.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Version after 1.3
Vendor Advisory: https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/neresa-wp/vulnerability/wordpress-neresa-theme-1-3-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Update Neresa theme to latest version via WordPress admin panel. 2. If update not available, remove theme and replace with secure alternative. 3. Clear any cached files.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable vulnerable theme
allSwitch to default WordPress theme or another secure theme
wp theme activate twentytwentyfour
wp theme delete neresa
Restrict PHP file inclusion
linuxModify PHP configuration to restrict file inclusion paths
php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/html:/tmp"
php_admin_value allow_url_include Off
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to block file inclusion patterns
- Restrict file permissions and implement strict access controls on sensitive directories
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check WordPress theme version in admin panel or wp-content/themes/neresa/style.css for version numberCheck Version:
wp theme list --field=name,status,version | grep neresaVerify Fix Applied:
Verify theme version is greater than 1.3 and test file inclusion attempts return errors instead of file contents📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual file paths in PHP error logs
- Multiple requests to theme files with path traversal parameters
- HTTP 200 responses to requests with ../ patterns
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests containing ../ patterns to theme files
- Unusual file extensions in URLs
- Requests to sensitive file paths
SIEM Query:
source="web_logs" AND (uri="*../*" OR uri="*/etc/*" OR uri="*/proc/*") AND response_code=200