CVE-2025-45613
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability in Shiro-Action v0.6 allows attackers to bypass access controls on the /user/list endpoint, potentially exposing sensitive user information. Any system running the vulnerable version is affected, particularly those with internet-facing deployments. The flaw stems from improper authorization checks in the application component.
💻 Affected Systems
- Shiro-Action
📦 What is this software?
Shiro Action by Zhaojun1998
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could exfiltrate all user data including potentially sensitive personal information, credentials, or system metadata, leading to data breaches and credential theft.
Likely Case
Unauthorized access to user lists containing usernames, email addresses, and potentially other profile information that could be used for targeted attacks.
If Mitigated
With proper network segmentation and access controls, impact would be limited to the specific application instance with no lateral movement.
🎯 Exploit Status
The GitHub issue shows exploitation details. Attack requires crafting specific payloads to bypass access controls.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not available
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/zhaojun1998/Shiro-Action/issues/24
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Monitor the GitHub repository for updates. 2. Apply any future patches from the maintainer. 3. Restart the application after patching.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable /user/list endpoint
allRemove or restrict access to the vulnerable endpoint
# Modify application configuration to disable /user/list route
# Add access control rules to block /user/list requests
Implement WAF rules
allBlock requests to /user/list endpoint at network level
# Example nginx rule: location /user/list { deny all; }
# Example Apache rule: <Location /user/list> Require all denied </Location>
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network access controls to limit who can reach the application
- Deploy web application firewall with rules to block exploitation attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test if unauthenticated requests to /user/list endpoint return user data. Use curl: curl -X GET http://target/user/listCheck Version:
Check application configuration or package manager for Shiro-Action versionVerify Fix Applied:
Verify that unauthorized requests to /user/list return proper access denied responses (401/403) instead of user data📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Multiple unauthorized requests to /user/list endpoint
- Unusual access patterns to user data endpoints
- Requests with crafted payloads in URL parameters
Network Indicators:
- HTTP GET requests to /user/list from untrusted sources
- Unusual data exfiltration patterns from application server
SIEM Query:
source="web_server" AND (url_path="/user/list" AND (response_code=200 OR response_size>threshold))