CVE-2025-45332
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2025-45332 is a Null Pointer Dereference vulnerability in vkoskiv c-ray 1.1's parse_mtllib function that causes program crashes when processing malformed data. This affects users running c-ray 1.1 to process untrusted input files. The vulnerability leads to denial of service but does not allow arbitrary code execution.
💻 Affected Systems
- vkoskiv c-ray
📦 What is this software?
C Ray by Vkoskiv
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete program crash and denial of service when processing malicious input files, potentially disrupting rendering workflows or automated processes.
Likely Case
Program segmentation faults and crashes when encountering malformed or specially crafted .mtl files during rendering operations.
If Mitigated
No impact if proper input validation is implemented or if only trusted files are processed.
🎯 Exploit Status
Proof of concept available in GitHub issue #119. Exploitation requires providing a malformed .mtl file to the application.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check GitHub repository for latest version
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/vkoskiv/c-ray/issues/119
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check the GitHub repository for updated version
2. Download and compile the latest source code
3. Replace existing c-ray binary with patched version
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation
allValidate all .mtl files before processing with c-ray
# Use a script to validate .mtl files before processing
#!/bin/bash
if ! grep -q '^newmtl' "$1"; then
echo "Invalid .mtl file"
exit 1
fi
Process Isolation
linuxRun c-ray in a container or sandbox to limit crash impact
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/data vkoskiv/c-ray:latest
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Restrict c-ray usage to trusted users only
- Implement monitoring for c-ray crashes and alert on abnormal patterns
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test with a malformed .mtl file containing null bytes or missing required sectionsCheck Version:
c-ray --versionVerify Fix Applied:
Test with the same malformed .mtl file - application should handle error gracefully instead of crashing📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Segmentation fault errors in system logs
- c-ray crash reports
- Abnormal process termination
Network Indicators:
- N/A - local application
SIEM Query:
process_name:"c-ray" AND (event_type:"crash" OR exit_code:139)