CVE-2025-41114
📋 TL;DR
An authorization bypass vulnerability in CanalDenuncia.app allows attackers to access other users' confidential documents by manipulating POST parameters. This affects all users of the vulnerable application who have submitted reports through the system. The vulnerability exists in the document retrieval API endpoint.
💻 Affected Systems
- CanalDenuncia.app
📦 What is this software?
Canaldenuncia.app by Canaldenuncia
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Mass data breach exposing all user-submitted documents, including sensitive whistleblower reports, personal information, and confidential evidence.
Likely Case
Targeted data extraction of specific users' documents, potentially leading to privacy violations, blackmail, or corporate espionage.
If Mitigated
Unauthorized access attempts are logged and blocked, with no data exposure beyond what users are authorized to view.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires sending crafted POST requests with manipulated 'id_denuncia' and 'id_user' parameters. No authentication bypass needed beyond accessing the endpoint.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown - Check vendor advisory for specific fixed version
Vendor Advisory: https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-canaldenunciaapp
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Contact CanalDenuncia.app vendor for patched version. 2. Backup current installation. 3. Apply vendor-provided patch or update to fixed version. 4. Restart application services. 5. Verify authorization checks are functioning.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Web Application Firewall Rule
allBlock or monitor requests to the vulnerable endpoint with parameter validation
WAF specific - configure rule to inspect POST requests to '/backend/api/buscarDocumentosByIdDenunciaUsuario.php' for unauthorized parameter combinations
Endpoint Restriction
linuxTemporarily restrict access to the vulnerable API endpoint
# Apache: RewriteRule ^/backend/api/buscarDocumentosByIdDenunciaUsuario\.php$ - [F]
# Nginx: location ~* /backend/api/buscarDocumentosByIdDenunciaUsuario\.php { return 403; }
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict authorization checks in application middleware to validate user permissions before document retrieval.
- Deploy network segmentation to isolate the application and monitor all API traffic for suspicious patterns.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Send POST request to '/backend/api/buscarDocumentosByIdDenunciaUsuario.php' with 'id_denuncia' and 'id_user' parameters belonging to another user. If successful, vulnerability exists.Check Version:
Check application version through admin interface or contact vendor directly as no standard command exists.Verify Fix Applied:
Attempt the same unauthorized request after patching. Should receive authorization error or empty response.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Multiple failed authorization attempts on document retrieval endpoint
- Successful document accesses with mismatched user IDs in parameters
- Unusual document access patterns from single IP
Network Indicators:
- POST requests to vulnerable endpoint with manipulated parameters
- Unusual traffic volume to document API
SIEM Query:
source="web_logs" AND uri="/backend/api/buscarDocumentosByIdDenunciaUsuario.php" AND (param.id_user != session.user_id OR param.id_denuncia NOT IN user_denuncias)