CVE-2025-41058
📋 TL;DR
This stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in appRain CMF allows authenticated attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages. When other users view affected pages, the scripts execute in their browsers, potentially stealing session cookies or performing actions on their behalf. Only appRain CMF 4.0.5 installations with authenticated user access are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- appRain CMF
📦 What is this software?
Apprain by Apprain
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could steal administrator session cookies, gain full administrative access, deface websites, or redirect users to malicious sites.
Likely Case
Attackers with authenticated access could steal other users' session data, perform actions as those users, or deploy basic phishing attacks.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and output encoding, malicious scripts would be neutralized before execution.
🎯 Exploit Status
Requires authenticated access and knowledge of the vulnerable endpoint
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Version after 4.0.5
Vendor Advisory: https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-apprain-cmf
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Update appRain CMF to the latest version. 2. Verify the update applied correctly. 3. Test the affected functionality.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation Filter
allImplement server-side input validation for the 'data[Addon][layouts]' and 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters
Output Encoding
allApply proper HTML encoding to user-controlled data before rendering in web pages
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Restrict access to the /apprain/developer/addons/update/row_manager endpoint to trusted administrators only
- Implement a web application firewall (WAF) with XSS protection rules
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if running appRain CMF version 4.0.5 and test if the /apprain/developer/addons/update/row_manager endpoint accepts unvalidated input in the specified parametersCheck Version:
Check appRain CMF configuration files or admin panel for version informationVerify Fix Applied:
After updating, test that the vulnerable endpoint properly validates and sanitizes input in the 'data[Addon][layouts]' and 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual POST requests to /apprain/developer/addons/update/row_manager with script tags or JavaScript in parameters
- Multiple failed XSS attempts
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests containing script payloads in the 'data[Addon][layouts]' or 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters
SIEM Query:
source="web_server" AND (url_path="/apprain/developer/addons/update/row_manager" AND (request_body CONTAINS "<script>" OR request_body CONTAINS "javascript:"))