CVE-2025-41046
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to inject malicious scripts into appRain CMF that execute when other users view affected pages. It affects organizations using appRain CMF version 4.0.5 for content management. Attackers must have authenticated access to exploit this vulnerability.
💻 Affected Systems
- appRain CMF
📦 What is this software?
Apprain by Apprain
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
An authenticated attacker could steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious sites, or perform actions on behalf of other users, potentially leading to account compromise or data theft.
Likely Case
Attackers with authenticated access inject malicious scripts that execute when administrators or other users view the affected addon configuration pages, potentially stealing credentials or session data.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and output encoding, malicious scripts would be neutralized before execution, preventing successful exploitation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires authenticated access to the vulnerable interface. The vulnerability is stored/persistent XSS, meaning injected scripts remain until removed.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check vendor for updated version
Vendor Advisory: https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-apprain-cmf
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Check appRain vendor website for security updates. 2. Apply the latest patch for appRain CMF. 3. Verify the fix by testing the vulnerable parameters.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation and Sanitization
allImplement server-side validation and sanitization for the 'data[Addon][layouts]' and 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters
Content Security Policy
allImplement a strict Content Security Policy to mitigate XSS impact
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Restrict access to the /apprain/developer/addons/update/960grid endpoint to only trusted administrators
- Implement web application firewall rules to block XSS payloads in the affected parameters
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test if unsanitized HTML/JavaScript can be submitted via the 'data[Addon][layouts]' or 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters in the 960grid addon update formCheck Version:
Check appRain CMF version in administration panel or configuration filesVerify Fix Applied:
Attempt to submit XSS payloads through the vulnerable parameters and verify they are properly sanitized or rejected📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual POST requests to /apprain/developer/addons/update/960grid with script tags or JavaScript in parameters
- Multiple failed validation attempts on the addon update endpoint
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests containing script tags or JavaScript code in 'data[Addon][layouts]' or 'data[Addon][layouts_except]' parameters
SIEM Query:
source="web_server" AND (url_path="/apprain/developer/addons/update/960grid" AND (param_name="data[Addon][layouts]" OR param_name="data[Addon][layouts_except]") AND param_value CONTAINS "<script>" OR param_value CONTAINS "javascript:")