CVE-2025-40888
📋 TL;DR
An authenticated SQL injection vulnerability in CLI functionality allows limited-privilege users to execute arbitrary SELECT statements against the database. This exposes sensitive data that should be restricted. Affected systems are those running the vulnerable software with authenticated CLI access.
💻 Affected Systems
- Nozomi Networks products with vulnerable CLI functionality
📦 What is this software?
Cmc by Nozominetworks
Guardian by Nozominetworks
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete database exfiltration including sensitive user data, credentials, or proprietary information leading to data breach and regulatory violations.
Likely Case
Unauthorized access to specific database tables containing user information, configuration data, or application secrets.
If Mitigated
Limited data exposure due to database permissions, query restrictions, or network segmentation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Requires authenticated access but SQL injection is typically straightforward to exploit
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Refer to vendor advisory for specific patched versions
Vendor Advisory: https://security.nozominetworks.com/NN-2025:10-01
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Review vendor advisory 2. Download and apply recommended patch 3. Restart affected services 4. Verify fix implementation
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation Enhancement
allImplement strict input validation and parameterized queries for CLI parameters
# Review and modify CLI parameter handling code to use prepared statements
Database Permission Restriction
allLimit database user permissions to minimum required operations
REVOKE SELECT ON sensitive_tables FROM application_user;
GRANT SELECT ON required_tables ONLY TO application_user;
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement network segmentation to isolate database from CLI access points
- Enable detailed SQL query logging and monitoring for suspicious SELECT patterns
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test CLI functionality with SQL injection payloads in input parametersCheck Version:
Check software version via vendor-specific CLI command or package managerVerify Fix Applied:
Attempt SQL injection after patch and verify queries are properly sanitized📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual SELECT queries from CLI users
- Multiple database queries from single CLI command
- SQL syntax errors in application logs
Network Indicators:
- Unusual database traffic patterns from CLI hosts
- Large data transfers following CLI commands
SIEM Query:
source="application_logs" AND ("SQL syntax" OR "unexpected query" OR "SELECT * FROM") AND user="cli_user"