CVE-2025-3540
📋 TL;DR
This critical vulnerability in H3C Magic routers allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a command injection flaw in the wizard configuration API. Only devices within the local network can exploit this vulnerability, affecting H3C Magic NX15, NX30 Pro, NX400, and R3010 routers. Attackers can gain full control of affected devices.
💻 Affected Systems
- H3C Magic NX15
- H3C Magic NX30 Pro
- H3C Magic NX400
- H3C Magic R3010
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete compromise of router with persistent backdoor installation, credential theft, network traffic interception, and lateral movement to other devices on the network.
Likely Case
Router takeover leading to DNS manipulation, traffic redirection, credential harvesting, and denial of service to connected devices.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if network segmentation isolates routers and strict access controls prevent unauthorized local network access.
🎯 Exploit Status
Public exploit code is available, making exploitation trivial for attackers with local network access. No authentication is required.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Versions after V100R014
Vendor Advisory: https://www.h3c.com/cn/Service/Document_Software/Software_Download/Consume_product/
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Access router web interface. 2. Navigate to System Tools > Firmware Upgrade. 3. Download latest firmware from H3C website. 4. Upload and install firmware. 5. Reboot router after installation completes.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable Wizard API Endpoint
linuxBlock access to the vulnerable /api/wizard/getCapability endpoint via firewall rules
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m string --string "/api/wizard/getCapability" --algo bm -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -m string --string "/api/wizard/getCapability" --algo bm -j DROP
Network Segmentation
allIsolate router management interface to dedicated VLAN with strict access controls
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network segmentation to isolate routers from general user networks
- Deploy network-based intrusion prevention systems (IPS) with command injection detection rules
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version in web interface under System Tools > Device Information. If version is V100R014 or earlier, device is vulnerable.Check Version:
curl -s http://router-ip/api/wizard/getCapability | grep -i version || echo 'Check web interface manually'Verify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version shows higher than V100R014 after upgrade. Test API endpoint with safe payload to confirm command injection is patched.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual POST requests to /api/wizard/getCapability with shell metacharacters
- System command execution from web interface process
- Unexpected process creation from httpd or similar web server processes
Network Indicators:
- POST requests to /api/wizard/getCapability containing semicolons, pipes, backticks, or dollar signs
- Outbound connections from router to unexpected external IPs following API requests
SIEM Query:
source="router_logs" AND (url="/api/wizard/getCapability" AND (method="POST") AND (body="*;*" OR body="*`*" OR body="*$(*" OR body="*|*"))