CVE-2025-32060
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows attackers who gain root-level access to load unsigned kernel modules, enabling kernel-level code execution and complete system compromise. It specifically affects the Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020. The flaw requires existing root access to exploit but provides elevated privileges once leveraged.
💻 Affected Systems
- Nissan Leaf ZE1
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system takeover with persistent kernel-level backdoor installation, allowing full vehicle control, data exfiltration, and disabling of safety systems.
Likely Case
Attackers with initial root access escalate privileges to kernel level, enabling persistent malware installation and bypassing security controls.
If Mitigated
With proper kernel module signing enforcement, attackers cannot load malicious modules even with root access, limiting damage to user-space operations.
🎯 Exploit Status
Requires existing root access through separate vulnerabilities; Black Hat Asia 2025 presentation demonstrates exploitation techniques.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Not available
Vendor Advisory: https://www.nissan.co.uk/vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
No official patch available. Contact Nissan dealership for potential firmware updates or hardware replacement.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Enable Kernel Module Signing
linuxConfigure kernel to require signed modules if supported by the automotive OS
echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/modules_disabled
modprobe -r unwanted_modules
Disable Unnecessary Kernel Modules
linuxRemove or blacklist non-essential kernel modules to reduce attack surface
blacklist module_name in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict access controls to prevent initial root compromise
- Monitor for unauthorized kernel module loading attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if kernel module signature verification is disabled: cat /proc/sys/kernel/modules_disabled should return 1Check Version:
Check vehicle VIN and manufacturing date through Nissan diagnostic toolsVerify Fix Applied:
Attempt to load unsigned test kernel module; should fail with permission error📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unauthorized kernel module loading in system logs
- Root privilege escalation attempts
Network Indicators:
- Unusual CAN bus traffic patterns
- Unexpected diagnostic port communications
SIEM Query:
source="kernel" AND "module load" AND NOT signature_verified