CVE-2025-28407
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability in RUoYi v4.8.0 allows remote attackers to escalate privileges by exploiting improper permission validation in the /edit/{dictId} endpoint. Attackers can modify data they shouldn't have access to, potentially gaining administrative control. All systems running the vulnerable version are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- RUoYi
📦 What is this software?
Ruoyi by Ruoyi
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise where an attacker gains administrative privileges, modifies critical system data, and potentially executes arbitrary code.
Likely Case
Unauthorized data modification leading to privilege escalation, allowing attackers to access sensitive information or modify application behavior.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper authentication and authorization controls, restricting unauthorized access attempts.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires authenticated access but minimal technical skill to execute.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: v4.8.1 or later
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/yangzongzhuan/RuoYi
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Backup current installation. 2. Update to RUoYi v4.8.1 or later from the official GitHub repository. 3. Restart the application server. 4. Verify the fix is applied.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Endpoint Restriction
allTemporarily block or restrict access to the vulnerable /edit/{dictId} endpoint using web application firewall or reverse proxy rules.
# Example nginx location block
location ~ ^/edit/ {
deny all;
}
Enhanced Authentication
allImplement additional authentication checks before allowing edit operations on dictionary entries.
# Add permission validation in controller
@PreAuthorize("hasPermission(#dictId, 'edit')")
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network segmentation to isolate the RUoYi application from sensitive systems.
- Deploy a web application firewall with rules to detect and block privilege escalation attempts.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if the application is running RUoYi v4.8.0 by examining version files or application metadata.Check Version:
grep -r "version" application.properties | grep -i "4.8.0"Verify Fix Applied:
Test the /edit/{dictId} endpoint with unauthorized user credentials to ensure proper permission validation is enforced.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Multiple failed permission validation attempts
- Unauthorized access to /edit/ endpoints
- User privilege changes without proper authorization
Network Indicators:
- Unusual POST requests to /edit/{dictId} endpoints
- Traffic patterns indicating privilege escalation attempts
SIEM Query:
source="ruoyi_logs" AND (uri="/edit/*" AND status=200) AND user_privilege_changed=true