CVE-2025-28357
📋 TL;DR
A CRLF injection vulnerability in Neto CMS allows attackers to inject malicious HTTP headers through crafted requests, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. This affects Neto CMS versions 6.313.0 through 6.314.0. Attackers can exploit this to compromise affected web servers.
💻 Affected Systems
- Neto CMS
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete server compromise with attacker gaining full control over the web server, data exfiltration, and lateral movement within the network.
Likely Case
Remote code execution leading to web shell installation, data theft, and potential ransomware deployment.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper input validation and WAF rules blocking malicious requests.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires sending specially crafted HTTP requests; public proof-of-concept exists in GitHub repository.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 6.315.0 or later
Vendor Advisory: http://neto.com
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Backup your Neto CMS installation and database. 2. Download the latest version from the official Neto CMS website. 3. Replace all files with the patched version. 4. Restart the web server service. 5. Verify the update by checking the version in the admin panel.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
WAF Rule Implementation
allImplement web application firewall rules to block CRLF injection patterns in HTTP requests.
# Example ModSecurity rule: SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS "\r\n" "id:1001,phase:1,deny,status:400,msg:'CRLF Injection Attempt'"
# Example nginx rule: if ($http_user_agent ~* "\r\n") { return 400; }
Input Validation Filter
allAdd custom input validation to sanitize HTTP headers before processing.
# PHP example: $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] = preg_replace('/[\r\n]/', '', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
# Python example: user_agent = user_agent.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '')
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate the Neto CMS server in a DMZ with strict network segmentation and firewall rules.
- Implement rate limiting and IP-based access controls to restrict who can access the vulnerable application.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check the Neto CMS version in the admin panel or by examining the CMS files. If version is between 6.313.0 and 6.314.0 inclusive, the system is vulnerable.Check Version:
Check the version.php file in the Neto CMS root directory or login to the admin panel and check system information.Verify Fix Applied:
After patching, verify the version shows 6.315.0 or later in the admin panel. Test with a controlled CRLF injection attempt that should be blocked.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual HTTP headers containing CRLF sequences (\r\n) in access logs
- Multiple 400/500 errors from the same IP in short timeframes
- Requests with encoded newline characters (%0D%0A, %0A, %0D)
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests with crafted headers containing CRLF sequences
- Unusual outbound connections from the web server following suspicious requests
SIEM Query:
source="web_access.log" AND (http_user_agent="*\r\n*" OR http_referer="*\r\n*" OR request="*%0D%0A*")