CVE-2025-28236
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on Nautel VX Series transmitters by uploading a malicious firmware update package to the /#/software/upgrades endpoint. It affects all systems running VX SW version 6.4.0 and below. Attackers can gain full control of affected devices without authentication.
💻 Affected Systems
- Nautel VX Series transmitters
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete compromise of transmitter systems allowing attackers to disrupt broadcast operations, modify transmitted content, use devices as network pivots, or deploy ransomware.
Likely Case
Attackers gain remote shell access to manipulate transmitter settings, disrupt operations, or deploy cryptocurrency miners.
If Mitigated
Attack blocked at network perimeter; no impact to broadcast operations with proper segmentation and monitoring.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires only HTTP access to the vulnerable endpoint with a crafted update package.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: Unknown
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Contact Nautel support for patching guidance
2. Monitor vendor website for security updates
3. Apply patches as soon as available
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Network Segmentation
allIsolate transmitter management interfaces from untrusted networks
Access Control Lists
allRestrict access to /#/software/upgrades endpoint to trusted IPs only
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Segment transmitter management network from production and internet
- Implement strict firewall rules blocking all external access to management interfaces
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check firmware version via web interface or SSH; if version is 6.4.0 or below, system is vulnerable.Check Version:
Check web interface at http://<device-ip>/#/system/info or via SSH if enabledVerify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version is above 6.4.0 after applying vendor patch.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- HTTP POST requests to /#/software/upgrades endpoint
- Unusual firmware update activity
- Unexpected process execution
Network Indicators:
- HTTP traffic to transmitter management interface from unexpected sources
- Large file uploads to firmware update endpoint
SIEM Query:
source_ip=* AND dest_ip=<transmitter_ip> AND url_path="/#/software/upgrades" AND http_method="POST"