CVE-2025-2726 – This critical vulnerability in H3C Magic router... (How to Fix)

Q: What is the severity of CVE-2025-2726?

CVE-2025-2726 has a CVSS score of 8.0 (HIGH). This critical vulnerability in H3C Magic routers allows authenticated attackers on the local network to execute arbitrary commands via command injection in the /api/esps endpoint. Attackers can potentially gain full control of affected devices, leading to network compromise. The vulnerability affects multiple H3C Magic router models running firmware up to V100R014.

📋 TL;DR

This critical vulnerability in H3C Magic routers allows authenticated attackers on the local network to execute arbitrary commands via command injection in the /api/esps endpoint. Attackers can potentially gain full control of affected devices, leading to network compromise. The vulnerability affects multiple H3C Magic router models running firmware up to V100R014.

💻 Affected Systems

Products:

H3C Magic NX15
H3C Magic NX30 Pro
H3C Magic NX400
H3C Magic R3010
H3C Magic BE18000

Versions: Up to V100R014

Operating Systems: Embedded router firmware

Default Config Vulnerable: ⚠️ Yes

Notes: All default configurations of affected firmware versions are vulnerable. The vulnerability is in the HTTP POST request handler for the /api/esps endpoint.

⚠️ Manual Verification Required

This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.

Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).

🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.

Recommended Actions:

Review the CVE details at NVD
Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution

⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact

🔴

Worst Case

Complete device takeover allowing attackers to intercept all network traffic, deploy malware to connected devices, pivot to other network segments, and establish persistent backdoors.

🟠

Likely Case

Local network attackers gain administrative access to the router, enabling them to modify network settings, intercept traffic, and potentially access connected devices.

🟢

If Mitigated

With proper network segmentation and access controls, impact is limited to the affected router only, preventing lateral movement to other systems.

🌐 Internet-Facing: LOW - The vulnerability requires local network access and cannot be exploited directly from the internet.

🏢 Internal Only: HIGH - Any compromised device or malicious insider on the local network can exploit this vulnerability to gain router control.

🎯 Exploit Status

Public PoC: ⚠️ Yes

Weaponized: UNKNOWN

Unauthenticated Exploit: ✅ No

Complexity: MEDIUM

Exploit details have been publicly disclosed on GitHub. Attack requires local network access and some level of authentication/access to the router's web interface.

🛠️ Fix & Mitigation

✅ Official Fix

Patch Version: Versions after V100R014

Vendor Advisory: https://www.h3c.com/cn/Service/Document_Software/Software_Download/Consume_product/

Restart Required: Yes

Instructions:

1. Visit H3C's official download portal. 2. Identify your specific router model. 3. Download the latest firmware version (post V100R014). 4. Upload and install the firmware through the router's web interface. 5. Reboot the router after installation completes.

🔧 Temporary Workarounds

Network Segmentation

all

Isolate router management interface to a dedicated VLAN with strict access controls

Access Control Lists

all

Implement firewall rules to restrict access to the router's web interface from trusted IP addresses only

🧯 If You Can't Patch

Segment the router onto an isolated management VLAN with strict access controls
Implement network monitoring for suspicious POST requests to /api/esps endpoint

🔍 How to Verify

Check if Vulnerable:

Check router firmware version in web interface under System Status or About page. If version is V100R014 or earlier, device is vulnerable.

Check Version:

Check via router web interface or SSH if enabled: show version or cat /proc/version

Verify Fix Applied:

After firmware update, verify version shows higher than V100R014. Test by attempting to access /api/esps endpoint with proper authentication - should not allow command injection.

📡 Detection & Monitoring

Log Indicators:

Unusual POST requests to /api/esps endpoint
Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by successful access
Commands containing shell metacharacters in POST parameters

Network Indicators:

Unusual outbound connections from router to external IPs
Traffic patterns suggesting router configuration changes
POST requests to /api/esps with suspicious parameters

SIEM Query:

source="router_logs" AND (uri="/api/esps" AND method="POST") AND (param="*;*" OR param="*|*" OR param="*`*" OR param="*$(*" OR param="*&*" OR param="*>" OR param="*<*")

📊 Metadata

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2726

CVSS v3 Score: 8.0 (HIGH)

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE: CWE-74

EPSS Score: 0.41% exploit probability (60.5th percentile)

Published: March 25, 2025

Last Updated: April 11, 2025

🔗 References

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