CVE-2025-25064
📋 TL;DR
This SQL injection vulnerability in Zimbra Collaboration's ZimbraSync Service SOAP endpoint allows authenticated attackers to inject arbitrary SQL queries by manipulating a specific parameter. Exploitation could enable retrieval of email metadata from the database. Organizations running affected Zimbra versions with the ZimbraSync service enabled are at risk.
💻 Affected Systems
- Zimbra Collaboration
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could exfiltrate sensitive email metadata, potentially including sender/recipient information, timestamps, and subject lines, which could be used for further attacks or intelligence gathering.
Likely Case
Authenticated users or attackers who have compromised user credentials could extract limited email metadata, potentially enabling targeted phishing or reconnaissance activities.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and parameterized queries, the vulnerability would be prevented, and even if exploited, database permissions should limit data access to authorized users only.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires authentication and knowledge of the vulnerable parameter. SQL injection techniques would need to be adapted to Zimbra's database schema.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Upgrade to Zimbra 10.0.12 or 10.1.4
Vendor Advisory: https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Backup your Zimbra installation and data. 2. Download the appropriate patch version from Zimbra's official repository. 3. Follow Zimbra's upgrade documentation for your specific version. 4. Verify the upgrade completed successfully.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable ZimbraSync Service
allTemporarily disable the vulnerable ZimbraSync SOAP endpoint if not required
zmprov ms <server> -zimbraServiceEnabled ZimbraSync
Implement WAF Rules
allAdd SQL injection detection rules for the ZimbraSync endpoint
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network segmentation to limit access to ZimbraSync endpoints
- Enhance monitoring for unusual SQL queries or authentication patterns
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check Zimbra version with: zmcontrol -v. If version is 10.0.x < 10.0.12 or 10.1.x < 10.1.4, system is vulnerable.Check Version:
zmcontrol -vVerify Fix Applied:
After patching, verify version shows 10.0.12 or 10.1.4 or higher with: zmcontrol -v📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual SQL query patterns in Zimbra logs
- Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by ZimbraSync requests
- SOAP requests to ZimbraSync endpoint with suspicious parameter values
Network Indicators:
- Unusual volume of requests to /service/soap/ZimbraSync endpoint
- Requests containing SQL keywords in parameters
SIEM Query:
source="zimbra.log" AND ("ZimbraSync" AND ("SELECT", "UNION", "OR 1=1", "--"))