CVE-2025-1748
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes HTML injection vulnerabilities in OpenCart's account registration endpoint that allow attackers to inject malicious HTML content into victim browsers. Attackers can exploit this by sending specially crafted URLs with modified parameter names. Users of OpenCart versions before 4.1.0 are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- OpenCart
📦 What is this software?
Opencart by Opencart
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could perform cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, potentially stealing session cookies, redirecting users to malicious sites, or performing actions on behalf of authenticated users.
Likely Case
Most attackers would use this for reflected XSS attacks to steal session cookies or credentials from users who click malicious links.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and output encoding, the injected HTML would be rendered harmless as plain text.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires user interaction (clicking malicious link) but is technically simple. The vulnerability is in parameter name manipulation rather than parameter values.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 4.1.0
Vendor Advisory: https://www.incibe.es/incibe-cert/alerta-temprana/avisos/multiples-vulnerabilidades-en-opencart
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Backup your OpenCart installation and database. 2. Download OpenCart 4.1.0 or later from the official website. 3. Replace affected files with patched versions. 4. Clear cache and test functionality.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation Filter
allAdd server-side validation to reject requests with unexpected parameter names in the registration endpoint.
Modify /catalog/controller/account/register.php to validate parameter names against an allowlist
WAF Rule
allImplement web application firewall rules to block requests with suspicious parameter names in registration URLs.
Add WAF rule: Block requests to /account/register with parameter names containing HTML tags or special characters
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Disable user registration functionality if not required
- Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to mitigate XSS impact
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test by accessing /account/register with modified parameter names containing HTML payloads and checking if they render in browser.Check Version:
Check OpenCart version in admin panel or examine /index.php file version constantVerify Fix Applied:
After patching, repeat the test to confirm HTML injection no longer works.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual parameter names in /account/register requests
- Requests with HTML tags in parameter names
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests to registration endpoint with suspicious parameter patterns
SIEM Query:
source="web_logs" AND uri_path="/account/register" AND (param_name CONTAINS "<" OR param_name CONTAINS ">")