CVE-2025-15241
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes an open redirect vulnerability in CloudPanel Community Edition where attackers can manipulate the Referer HTTP header to redirect users to malicious sites. The vulnerability affects all users of CloudPanel CE up to version 2.5.1 and can be exploited remotely without authentication.
💻 Affected Systems
- CloudPanel Community Edition
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could redirect authenticated administrators to phishing sites to steal credentials, potentially leading to full system compromise.
Likely Case
Attackers use the open redirect in phishing campaigns to trick users into visiting malicious websites, potentially leading to credential theft or malware installation.
If Mitigated
With proper user awareness training and browser security controls, the impact is limited to failed phishing attempts.
🎯 Exploit Status
Public exploit code available on GitHub; simple HTTP request manipulation required.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 2.5.2
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/cloudpanel-io/cloudpanel-ce/releases/tag/v2.5.2
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Backup your current CloudPanel configuration. 2. Download CloudPanel CE v2.5.2 from the official releases page. 3. Follow the upgrade instructions in the CloudPanel documentation. 4. Restart CloudPanel services.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Restrict Access to Admin Interface
linuxLimit access to the /admin/users endpoint using firewall rules or web server configuration.
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s trusted_ip -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s trusted_ip -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP
Web Application Firewall Rule
allAdd a WAF rule to block or sanitize Referer headers containing external domains.
ModSecurity rule: SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer "@rx ^https?://(?!yourdomain\.com)" "phase:1,deny,id:1001"
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict network segmentation to isolate CloudPanel instances from user networks.
- Deploy a reverse proxy with URL validation to filter malicious redirect attempts.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test by sending a GET request to /admin/users with a malicious Referer header pointing to an external domain and checking for a 302 redirect.Check Version:
cloudpanel versionVerify Fix Applied:
After upgrading to 2.5.2, repeat the test; the system should not redirect to external domains from the Referer header.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- HTTP 302 redirect responses from /admin/users with external domains in Location header
- Unusual Referer header patterns in access logs
Network Indicators:
- Outbound HTTP requests to suspicious domains following admin panel access
SIEM Query:
source="cloudpanel.log" AND (url_path="/admin/users" AND http_status=302 AND location_header CONTAINS "http://" OR "https://")🔗 References
- https://github.com/Stolichnayer/cloudpanel-open-redirect
- https://github.com/Stolichnayer/cloudpanel-open-redirect?tab=readme-ov-file#%EF%B8%8F-steps-to-reproduce
- https://github.com/cloudpanel-io/cloudpanel-ce/releases/tag/v2.5.2
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338631
- https://vuldb.com/?id.338631
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.725543
