CVE-2025-15135
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication in joey-zhou xiaozhi-esp32-server-java by manipulating cookies. The weakness in the Cookie Handler component enables improper authentication without valid credentials. Systems running versions up to 3.0.0 of this Java-based ESP32 server software are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- joey-zhou xiaozhi-esp32-server-java
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise through unauthorized access to administrative functions, potentially leading to data theft, system manipulation, or further network penetration.
Likely Case
Unauthorized access to protected resources and functionality, potentially exposing sensitive data or allowing configuration changes.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper network segmentation and additional authentication layers, though authentication bypass remains possible.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploit details are publicly available in GitHub issues. Remote exploitation requires no authentication and manipulation of cookies.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 4.0.0
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/joey-zhou/xiaozhi-esp32-server-java/releases/tag/v4.0.0
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Download version 4.0.0 from GitHub releases. 2. Replace existing installation with new version. 3. Restart the server application.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable Cookie Authentication
allTemporarily disable cookie-based authentication and use alternative methods
Modify server configuration to disable cookie authentication
Implement Additional Authentication Layer
allAdd IP whitelisting or additional authentication checks
Configure firewall rules to restrict access to trusted IPs only
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Isolate affected systems from internet and restrict network access
- Implement strict monitoring for authentication bypass attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check the server version. If running version 3.0.0 or earlier, the system is vulnerable.Check Version:
Check the server startup logs or configuration files for version informationVerify Fix Applied:
Verify the server is running version 4.0.0 or later and test authentication with manipulated cookies.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Failed authentication attempts followed by successful access
- Unusual cookie values in authentication logs
- Access from unexpected user sessions
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests with manipulated cookie headers
- Authentication bypass attempts
SIEM Query:
source="authentication.log" AND (event="authentication_failure" AND event="authentication_success" within 1s)🔗 References
- https://github.com/joey-zhou/xiaozhi-esp32-server-java/issues/143
- https://github.com/joey-zhou/xiaozhi-esp32-server-java/issues/143#issue-3722315701
- https://github.com/joey-zhou/xiaozhi-esp32-server-java/issues/143#issuecomment-3666534810
- https://github.com/joey-zhou/xiaozhi-esp32-server-java/releases/tag/v4.0.0
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338513
- https://vuldb.com/?id.338513
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.713990
