CVE-2025-15017
📋 TL;DR
A vulnerability in serial device servers allows attackers with physical access to connect to the UART interface and gain unauthorized access to internal debug functionality without authentication. This enables execution of privileged operations and access to sensitive system resources, affecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device. Organizations using affected Moxa serial device servers are impacted.
💻 Affected Systems
- Moxa serial device servers
⚠️ Manual Verification Required
This CVE does not have specific version information in our database, so automatic vulnerability detection cannot determine if your system is affected.
Why? The CVE database entry doesn't specify which versions are vulnerable (no version ranges provided by the vendor/NVD).
🔒 Custom verification scripts are available for registered users. Sign up free to download automated test scripts.
- Review the CVE details at NVD
- Check vendor security advisories for your specific version
- Test if the vulnerability is exploitable in your environment
- Consider updating to the latest version as a precaution
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete device compromise allowing attacker to execute arbitrary privileged commands, access sensitive data, modify configurations, and disrupt operations.
Likely Case
Unauthorized access to debug functionality leading to information disclosure, configuration changes, and potential service disruption.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if physical access controls prevent unauthorized personnel from accessing device interfaces.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires physical access to UART interface pins and basic serial connection tools.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check vendor advisory for specific firmware versions
Vendor Advisory: https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/mpsa-257331-cve-2025-15017-active-debug-code-vulnerability-in-serial-device-servers
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Check vendor advisory for affected models. 2. Download updated firmware from Moxa support portal. 3. Follow vendor firmware upgrade procedures. 4. Verify successful update and restart device.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Physical Access Controls
allImplement strict physical security controls to prevent unauthorized access to device interfaces
Disable Debug Interfaces
allIf supported by device configuration, disable UART debug interfaces
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict physical security controls and access monitoring for device locations
- Isolate affected devices in secure enclosures with tamper-evident seals
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check device model and firmware version against vendor advisory. Physical test requires connecting to UART interface with serial console.Check Version:
Check device web interface or console for firmware version informationVerify Fix Applied:
Verify firmware version matches patched version from vendor advisory. Test UART interface access to confirm debug functionality is disabled.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unexpected physical access to device locations
- Serial console access attempts
Network Indicators:
- No network indicators - physical access required
SIEM Query:
Physical security logs showing unauthorized access to device locations