CVE-2025-10458
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes a parameter validation vulnerability in Zephyr RTOS where untrusted input is not properly sanitized before being used in internal operations. Attackers can exploit this to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service. This affects systems running vulnerable versions of Zephyr RTOS.
💻 Affected Systems
- Zephyr RTOS
📦 What is this software?
Zephyr by Zephyrproject
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Remote code execution leading to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or persistent backdoor installation.
Likely Case
Denial of service through system crashes or resource exhaustion, potentially allowing privilege escalation in multi-user configurations.
If Mitigated
Limited impact with proper input validation and sandboxing, potentially causing only minor service disruptions.
🎯 Exploit Status
Parameter validation vulnerabilities typically have low exploitation complexity once the vulnerable code path is identified.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check the GitHub security advisory for specific fixed versions
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-vmww-237q-2fwp
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Review the GitHub security advisory for affected components
2. Update Zephyr RTOS to the patched version specified in the advisory
3. Rebuild and redeploy your Zephyr-based application
4. Restart affected devices
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation Layer
allImplement additional input validation and sanitization before passing data to vulnerable components
Network Segmentation
allIsolate vulnerable systems from untrusted networks using firewalls or network segmentation
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict input validation and sanitization at the application layer
- Deploy network-based intrusion prevention systems to detect and block exploitation attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check your Zephyr version against the affected versions listed in the GitHub security advisoryCheck Version:
Check Zephyr version in your build configuration or via device firmware version commandsVerify Fix Applied:
Verify that your Zephyr version matches or exceeds the patched version specified in the advisory📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unexpected system crashes or reboots
- Unusual process behavior or resource consumption spikes
- Error messages related to parameter validation or memory corruption
Network Indicators:
- Unusual network traffic patterns to/from embedded devices
- Protocol anomalies in device communication
SIEM Query:
Search for: (device_type:zephyr OR os:zephyr) AND (event_type:crash OR error_message:"validation" OR error_message:"parameter")