CVE-2025-10324
📋 TL;DR
This CVE describes a command injection vulnerability in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 routers that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on affected devices. The vulnerability exists in the firewall.cgi component and can be exploited by manipulating specific parameters. All users of the affected router model with the vulnerable firmware are at risk.
💻 Affected Systems
- Wavlink WL-WN578W2
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete compromise of the router allowing persistent backdoor installation, network traffic interception, lateral movement to connected devices, and participation in botnets.
Likely Case
Router takeover enabling DNS hijacking, credential theft from network traffic, and use as pivot point for internal network attacks.
If Mitigated
Limited impact if router is behind additional firewalls with strict inbound rules and network segmentation is implemented.
🎯 Exploit Status
Public exploit details are available in GitHub repositories, making exploitation straightforward for attackers with basic skills.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Unknown
Vendor Advisory: None available - vendor did not respond to disclosure
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
No official patch available. Consider replacing affected hardware or implementing strict network controls.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Disable Remote Management
allDisable remote management/administration features on the router to prevent external exploitation
Access router admin interface -> Advanced Settings -> Remote Management -> Disable
Restrict WAN Access
allConfigure firewall rules to block all inbound WAN access to router management interface
Access router admin interface -> Firewall -> Add rule blocking port 80/443 from WAN
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Segment network: Place router in isolated VLAN with strict access controls
- Implement external firewall: Deploy upstream firewall with strict rules blocking all inbound traffic to router management ports
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check router firmware version in admin interface. If version is 221110, device is vulnerable.Check Version:
Login to router admin interface and check System Status or Firmware Version pageVerify Fix Applied:
No official fix available. Verify workarounds by testing that remote management is disabled and firewall rules are active.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual firewall.cgi requests with shell metacharacters
- Multiple failed login attempts followed by successful access
- Unexpected process execution in router logs
Network Indicators:
- Unusual outbound connections from router to unknown IPs
- DNS queries to suspicious domains from router
- Port scanning originating from router
SIEM Query:
source="router" AND (uri="*firewall.cgi*" AND (param="*pingFrmWANFilterEnabled*" OR param="*blockSynFloodEnabled*" OR param="*blockPortScanEnabled*" OR param="*remoteManagementEnabled*") AND param="*;*" OR param="*|*" OR param="*`*" OR param="*$(*")