CVE-2024-6429
📋 TL;DR
This content spoofing vulnerability in WSO2 products allows attackers to inject arbitrary content into error messages displayed in the browser UI. By manipulating URL parameters, malicious actors can create deceptive error messages for social engineering attacks. This affects all WSO2 products with the vulnerable error handling component.
💻 Affected Systems
- WSO2 API Manager
- WSO2 Identity Server
- WSO2 Enterprise Integrator
- WSO2 Micro Integrator
- WSO2 Streaming Integrator
- WSO2 Micro Gateway
📦 What is this software?
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Attackers could create convincing phishing pages or fake authentication prompts that appear as legitimate WSO2 error messages, potentially leading to credential theft or malware installation.
Likely Case
Attackers create misleading error messages to confuse users or redirect them to malicious sites, potentially enabling social engineering attacks.
If Mitigated
With proper input validation and output encoding, the injected content would be sanitized and displayed as plain text rather than executable HTML/JavaScript.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires the attacker to craft a malicious URL with injected content and trick a user into visiting it. No authentication is required to trigger the vulnerable error condition.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: Check specific product patch versions in WSO2 advisory WSO2-2024-3490
Vendor Advisory: https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2024-3490/
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Review WSO2 advisory WSO2-2024-3490 for your specific product. 2. Apply the recommended patch or upgrade to a fixed version. 3. Restart the WSO2 service. 4. Verify the fix by testing error message handling.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation Filter
allImplement a web application firewall or input validation filter to sanitize URL parameters containing error message content
Error Page Customization
allReplace default error pages with static pages that don't accept URL parameters for content
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement WAF rules to block URLs containing suspicious error message parameters
- Monitor for unusual error message patterns in application logs
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Test by accessing error pages with crafted URL parameters containing HTML/JavaScript payloads and checking if they execute in the browserCheck Version:
Check WSO2 product version via management console or product documentationVerify Fix Applied:
After patching, test with the same payloads to confirm they are properly sanitized and displayed as plain text📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual error messages with HTML/JavaScript content in URL parameters
- Multiple error requests from single IPs with varying content
Network Indicators:
- HTTP requests with encoded HTML/JavaScript in error-related URL parameters
SIEM Query:
source="wso2-logs" AND (message="*error*" AND url="*<script>*" OR url="*javascript:*")