CVE-2024-31777
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows an attacker to upload a malicious file to the certbadge.php endpoint in openeclass, potentially leading to remote code execution. It affects openeclass versions 3.15 and earlier. Attackers can compromise the server and gain unauthorized access.
💻 Affected Systems
- openeclass
📦 What is this software?
Openeclass by Openeclass
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete server compromise with attacker gaining full control, data theft, lateral movement, and persistent backdoor installation.
Likely Case
Webshell deployment leading to data exfiltration, credential harvesting, and further system exploitation.
If Mitigated
File upload blocked or sanitized, limiting impact to denial of service or unsuccessful exploitation attempts.
🎯 Exploit Status
Public exploit available on GitHub, making exploitation trivial for attackers.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: v3.16 or later
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/gunet/openeclass/releases
Restart Required: No
Instructions:
1. Backup current installation. 2. Download latest version from official repository. 3. Replace affected files. 4. Verify functionality.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Block certbadge.php endpoint
allTemporarily block access to vulnerable endpoint via web server configuration.
# Apache: RewriteRule ^certbadge\.php$ - [F]
# Nginx: location ~ ^/certbadge\.php$ { return 403; }
Implement file upload restrictions
allConfigure web server to reject file uploads to certbadge.php.
# Apache: <Location "/certbadge.php"> LimitRequestBody 0 </Location>
# Nginx: location ~ ^/certbadge\.php$ { client_max_body_size 0; }
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict file upload validation and sanitization
- Deploy WAF with file upload protection rules
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check if openeclass version is 3.15 or earlier and certbadge.php endpoint is accessible.Check Version:
grep -r 'version' /path/to/openeclass/config/filesVerify Fix Applied:
Verify version is 3.16+ and test file upload to certbadge.php returns error or is blocked.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual file uploads to certbadge.php
- Large POST requests to certbadge.php
- Execution of unexpected system commands
Network Indicators:
- POST requests to /certbadge.php with file uploads
- Outbound connections from web server to unknown IPs
SIEM Query:
source="web_logs" AND uri="/certbadge.php" AND method="POST" AND size>100000