CVE-2022-27249
📋 TL;DR
This vulnerability allows authenticated remote attackers to upload malicious ASPX files to IdeaRE RefTree web servers, leading to remote code execution. Attackers can gain full control of affected systems by uploading and executing arbitrary code. Organizations using vulnerable versions of IdeaRE RefTree before 2021.09.17 are affected.
💻 Affected Systems
- IdeaRE RefTree
📦 What is this software?
Reftree by Idearespa
⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Complete system compromise allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands, steal data, deploy ransomware, or pivot to other systems in the network.
Likely Case
Attackers upload web shells to gain persistent access, exfiltrate sensitive data, and use the compromised server for further attacks.
If Mitigated
With proper file upload restrictions and web application firewalls, the attack would be blocked at the upload stage.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploit code is publicly available on Packet Storm. Attack requires authenticated access but is straightforward to execute.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 2021.09.17 and later
Vendor Advisory: https://www.idearespa.eu
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Download and install IdeaRE RefTree version 2021.09.17 or later from the vendor website. 2. Apply the update to all affected systems. 3. Restart the application and web services. 4. Verify the fix by testing file upload functionality.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Restrict ASPX file uploads
windowsConfigure web application firewall or server rules to block ASPX file uploads
IIS: Add request filtering rule to deny *.aspx extensions
Web.config: <security><requestFiltering><fileExtensions><add fileExtension=".aspx" allowed="false" /></fileExtensions></requestFiltering></security>
Disable UploadDwg functionality
allTemporarily disable the vulnerable upload feature until patching
Remove or rename UploadDwg.aspx file
Disable upload module in application configuration
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict file upload validation that only allows specific whitelisted file types (DWG files only)
- Deploy web application firewall with rules to detect and block ASPX file upload attempts
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check RefTree version in application interface or configuration files. If version is earlier than 2021.09.17, system is vulnerable.Check Version:
Check application interface or configuration files for version informationVerify Fix Applied:
Attempt to upload an ASPX file through the UploadDwg functionality. Successful upload should be blocked. Verify version shows 2021.09.17 or later.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- ASPX file upload attempts in web server logs
- Unusual file uploads to UploadDwg endpoint
- POST requests with .aspx extensions
Network Indicators:
- HTTP POST requests to UploadDwg with ASPX content
- Unusual outbound connections from web server
SIEM Query:
source="web_server" AND (uri="*UploadDwg*" OR file_extension=".aspx") AND http_method="POST"