CVE-2022-25648
📋 TL;DR
CVE-2022-25648 is a command injection vulnerability in the ruby-git library that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on affected systems by injecting malicious flags through the remote parameter in the fetch function. This affects applications using vulnerable versions of the ruby-git gem. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in applications that process user-controlled input for git operations.
💻 Affected Systems
- ruby-git gem
📦 What is this software?
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⚠️ Risk & Real-World Impact
Worst Case
Full remote code execution with the privileges of the application process, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data theft, or lateral movement within the network.
Likely Case
Arbitrary command execution leading to data exfiltration, installation of backdoors, or disruption of git operations.
If Mitigated
Limited impact due to input validation, sandboxing, or restricted application privileges preventing successful exploitation.
🎯 Exploit Status
Exploitation requires the application to pass user-controlled input to the vulnerable fetch method. The vulnerability is well-documented with public proof-of-concept examples available.
🛠️ Fix & Mitigation
✅ Official Fix
Patch Version: 1.11.0 and later
Vendor Advisory: https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git/releases/tag/v1.11.0
Restart Required: Yes
Instructions:
1. Update Gemfile to specify 'gem "git", ">= 1.11.0"'. 2. Run 'bundle update git'. 3. Restart all Ruby applications using the gem. 4. Verify the update with 'bundle show git'.
🔧 Temporary Workarounds
Input Validation and Sanitization
allImplement strict input validation for the remote parameter to only allow expected values and reject any input containing shell metacharacters.
# Ruby example: validate remote parameter
remote = params[:remote]
if remote !~ /\A[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+\z/
raise "Invalid remote parameter"
end
Use Alternative Git Methods
allAvoid using the vulnerable fetch method with user-controlled input. Use direct git commands with proper argument escaping if necessary.
# Example using system with proper escaping
system("git", "fetch", Shellwords.escape(remote))
🧯 If You Can't Patch
- Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all user-controlled parameters passed to git operations.
- Run the application with minimal privileges and in a sandboxed/containerized environment to limit potential damage.
🔍 How to Verify
Check if Vulnerable:
Check the ruby-git gem version in your Gemfile.lock or with 'bundle show git'. If version is below 1.11.0, you are vulnerable.Check Version:
bundle show git | grep -o 'git ([0-9.]*)'Verify Fix Applied:
Verify the installed version is 1.11.0 or higher with 'bundle show git' and test that the application still functions correctly with git operations.📡 Detection & Monitoring
Log Indicators:
- Unusual git fetch commands with unexpected flags or arguments
- Process execution logs showing unexpected commands spawned from Ruby processes
Network Indicators:
- Unexpected outbound connections from application servers following git operations
SIEM Query:
process.name:git AND cmdline:*fetch* AND (cmdline:*;* OR cmdline:*&* OR cmdline:*|*)🔗 References
- https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git/pull/569
- https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git/releases/tag/v1.11.0
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00043.html
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PTJUF6SFPL4ZVSJQHGQ36KFPFO5DQVYZ/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Q2V3HOFU4ZVTQZHAVAVL3EX2KU53SP7R/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XWNJA7WPE67LJ3DJMWZ2TADHCZKWMY55/
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-RUBY-GIT-2421270
- https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git/pull/569
- https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git/releases/tag/v1.11.0
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00043.html
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PTJUF6SFPL4ZVSJQHGQ36KFPFO5DQVYZ/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Q2V3HOFU4ZVTQZHAVAVL3EX2KU53SP7R/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XWNJA7WPE67LJ3DJMWZ2TADHCZKWMY55/
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-RUBY-GIT-2421270
